Prevention of Perinatal Sepsis (PoPS): Evaluation of Chlorhexidine Wipes of Birth Canal and Newborn

NCT ID: NCT00136370

Last Updated: 2007-09-24

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

UNKNOWN

Clinical Phase

PHASE3

Total Enrollment

8000 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2004-04-30

Study Completion Date

2007-11-30

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether use of the disinfectant chlorhexidine administered to the birth canal during labour and newborn at delivery can protect a woman and her baby from bacterial infections after birth. If effective, this could be used as an inexpensive alternative to antibiotics to prevent newborn infections in resource-poor countries.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

We are conducting a randomized, controlled clinical trial in Soweto, South Africa to evaluate the efficacy of 0.5% chlorhexidine wipes of the birth canal during labour and of the infant at birth in reducing 1) vertical transmission of leading pathogenic bacteria from mother to child during labour and delivery, and 2) incidence of neonatal sepsis and maternal peripartum infection, in comparison to external genitalia sterile water wipes. In conjunction with this, we will compare vaginal carriage of bacteria commonly associated with neonatal sepsis and maternal peripartum infection among HIV-infected and non-infected pregnant women who deliver at the only public hospital in Soweto, and will characterize the burden of disease and risk factors for maternal peripartum infection and serious neonatal infections in this population by conducting active prospective surveillance.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Infant, Newborn, Diseases Sepsis Puerperal Infection

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

Chlorhexidine Prevention Neonatal sepsis Peripartum infections

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

1

Chlorhexidine Vaginal Wipe

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Chlorhexidine

Intervention Type DRUG

Birth canal wipe

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

2

Sterile water external genital wipe

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

sterile water external genital wipe

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Chlorhexidine

Intervention Type DRUG

Birth canal wipe

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

sterile water external genital wipe

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Pregnant
* Plan to deliver at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital or one of its satellite clinics
* Plan to remain in Soweto for at least two months after delivery
* Are able to understand and give informed consent
* Are at least 15 years old at time of registration

Exclusion Criteria

* Planned delivery by caesarean section
* Antenatal ultrasound revealing major fetal congenital anomalies
* Have known or suspected condition in which vaginal exams are contraindicated, e.g. placenta previa
* Have a history of allergic reaction to any topical antiseptic solution
* Present to labour ward with infant born before arrival
* Present to labour ward with significant vaginal bleeding during labour
* Present with known intrauterine fetal death prior to randomization
* Subject noted to be in full cervical dilatation or have baby's head on perineum
* Infant noted to be in face presentation on first vaginal examination
* Noted to have genital ulcers present on first vaginal examination
Minimum Eligible Age

15 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

United States Agency for International Development (USAID)

FED

Sponsor Role collaborator

National Vaccine Program Office

UNKNOWN

Sponsor Role collaborator

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

FED

Sponsor Role lead

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Stephanie Schrag, DPhil

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Shabir Madhi, MD, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital

Soweto, Gauteng, South Africa

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

South Africa

Central Contacts

Reach out to these primary contacts for questions about participation or study logistics.

Clare Cutland, BSc, MBBCh

Role: CONTACT

Phone: +27-11-989-9894

Email: [email protected]

Shabir Madhi, MD, PhD

Role: CONTACT

Phone: +27-11-989-9894

Email: [email protected]

Facility Contacts

Find local site contact details for specific facilities participating in the trial.

Shabir Madhi, MD, PhD

Role: primary

Clare Cutland, BSc, MBBCh

Role: backup

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Christensen KK, Christensen P, Dykes AK, Kahlmeter G. Chlorhexidine for prevention of neonatal colonization with group B streptococci. III. Effect of vaginal washing with chlorhexidine before rupture of the membranes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1985 Apr;19(4):231-6. doi: 10.1016/0028-2243(85)90034-6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 3891445 (View on PubMed)

Taha TE, Biggar RJ, Broadhead RL, Mtimavalye LA, Justesen AB, Liomba GN, Chiphangwi JD, Miotti PG. Effect of cleansing the birth canal with antiseptic solution on maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality in Malawi: clinical trial. BMJ. 1997 Jul 26;315(7102):216-9; discussion 220. doi: 10.1136/bmj.315.7102.216.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 9253269 (View on PubMed)

Kollee LA, Speyer I, van Kuijck MA, Koopman R, Dony JM, Bakker JH, Wintermans RG. Prevention of group B streptococci transmission during delivery by vaginal application of chlorhexidine gel. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1989 Apr;31(1):47-51. doi: 10.1016/0028-2243(89)90025-7.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 2653894 (View on PubMed)

Burman LG, Christensen P, Christensen K, Fryklund B, Helgesson AM, Svenningsen NW, Tullus K. Prevention of excess neonatal morbidity associated with group B streptococci by vaginal chlorhexidine disinfection during labour. The Swedish Chlorhexidine Study Group. Lancet. 1992 Jul 11;340(8811):65-9. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)90393-h.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 1352011 (View on PubMed)

Adriaanse AH, Kollee LA, Muytjens HL, Nijhuis JG, de Haan AF, Eskes TK. Randomized study of vaginal chlorhexidine disinfection during labor to prevent vertical transmission of group B streptococci. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1995 Aug;61(2):135-41. doi: 10.1016/0301-2115(95)02134-s.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 7556834 (View on PubMed)

Rouse DJ, Hauth JC, Andrews WW, Mills BB, Maher JE. Chlorhexidine vaginal irrigation for the prevention of peripartal infection: a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1997 Mar;176(3):617-22. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(97)70557-x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 9077616 (View on PubMed)

Stray-Pedersen B, Bergan T, Hafstad A, Normann E, Grogaard J, Vangdal M. Vaginal disinfection with chlorhexidine during childbirth. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 1999 Aug;12(3):245-51. doi: 10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00068-0.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 10461843 (View on PubMed)

Facchinetti F, Piccinini F, Mordini B, Volpe A. Chlorhexidine vaginal flushings versus systemic ampicillin in the prevention of vertical transmission of neonatal group B streptococcus, at term. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2002 Feb;11(2):84-8. doi: 10.1080/jmf.11.2.84.88.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12375548 (View on PubMed)

Cutland CL, Schrag SJ, Zell ER, Kuwanda L, Buchmann E, Velaphi SC, Groome MJ, Adrian PV, Madhi SA; PoPS trial team. Maternal HIV infection and vertical transmission of pathogenic bacteria. Pediatrics. 2012 Sep;130(3):e581-90. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-1548. Epub 2012 Aug 6.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 22869824 (View on PubMed)

Schrag SJ, Cutland CL, Zell ER, Kuwanda L, Buchmann EJ, Velaphi SC, Groome MJ, Madhi SA; PoPS Trial Team. Risk factors for neonatal sepsis and perinatal death among infants enrolled in the prevention of perinatal sepsis trial, Soweto, South Africa. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2012 Aug;31(8):821-6. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31825c4b5a.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 22565291 (View on PubMed)

Cutland CL, Madhi SA, Zell ER, Kuwanda L, Laque M, Groome M, Gorwitz R, Thigpen MC, Patel R, Velaphi SC, Adrian P, Klugman K, Schuchat A, Schrag SJ; PoPS Trial Team. Chlorhexidine maternal-vaginal and neonate body wipes in sepsis and vertical transmission of pathogenic bacteria in South Africa: a randomised, controlled trial. Lancet. 2009 Dec 5;374(9705):1909-16. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61339-8. Epub 2009 Oct 19.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 19846212 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

#U50 CCU021960, 02075

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

RFA CI05-059

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

CDC-NCID-3842

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id