Trial Outcomes & Findings for ASCEND: A Study of Cardiovascular Events iN Diabetes (NCT NCT00135226)

NCT ID: NCT00135226

Last Updated: 2025-05-28

Results Overview

The primary efficacy assessments involve intention-to-treat comparisons among all randomized participants of allocation to aspirin versus placebo and, separately, of omega-3 fatty acids versus placebo on the first occurrence of any "Serious Vascular Event" (SVE), defined as: * non-fatal myocardial infarction; or * non-fatal stroke (excluding confirmed intracranial hemorrhage) or TIA; or * vascular death excluding confirmed intracranial hemorrhage (defined as International Classification of Diseases 10th revision \[ICD-10\] I00-52 or I63-99, i.e. excluding subarachnoid hemorrhage \[I60\], intracerebral hemorrhage \[I61\], and other non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage \[I62\]).

Recruitment status

ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Study phase

PHASE4

Target enrollment

15480 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Results posted on

2025-05-28

Participant Flow

Participants were randomized between June 2005 through July 2011. Follow-up continued until March 2018.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Aspirin + Omega-3 Ethyl Esters
Participants receive 100mg of aspirin once daily and 1g of omega-3 ethyl esters once daily. Aspirin Omega-3 ethyl esters
Aspirin + Placebo Omega-3 Ethyl Esters
Participants receive 100mg of aspirin once daily and placebo omega-3 ethyl esters once daily. Aspirin Placebo omega-3 ethyl esters
Placebo Aspirin + Omega-3 Ethyl Esters
Participants receive placebo aspirin once daily and 1g of omega-3 ethyl esters once daily. Placebo aspirin Omega-3 ethyl esters
Placebo Aspirin + Placebo Omega-3 Ethyl Esters
Participants receive placebo aspirin once daily and placebo omega-3 ethyl esters once daily. Placebo aspirin Placebo omega-3 ethyl esters
Overall Study
STARTED
3870
3870
3870
3870
Overall Study
COMPLETED
3836
3835
3836
3834
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
34
35
34
36

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

ASCEND: A Study of Cardiovascular Events iN Diabetes

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Aspirin + Omega-3
n=3870 Participants
Participants receive 100mg of aspirin once daily and 1g of omega-3 ethyl esters once daily.
Aspirin + Placebo Omega-3
n=3870 Participants
Participants receive 100mg of aspirin once daily and placebo omega-3 ethyl esters once daily.
Placebo Aspirin + Omega-3
n=3870 Participants
Participants receive placebo aspirin once daily and 1g of omega-3 ethyl esters once daily.
Placebo Aspirin + Placebo Omega-3
n=3870 Participants
Participants receive placebo aspirin once daily and placebo omega-3 ethyl esters once daily.
Total
n=15480 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
2257 Participants
n=5 Participants
2259 Participants
n=7 Participants
2257 Participants
n=5 Participants
2261 Participants
n=4 Participants
9034 Participants
n=21 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
1613 Participants
n=5 Participants
1611 Participants
n=7 Participants
1613 Participants
n=5 Participants
1609 Participants
n=4 Participants
6446 Participants
n=21 Participants
Age, Continuous
63.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.3 • n=5 Participants
63.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.1 • n=7 Participants
63.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.2 • n=5 Participants
63.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.2 • n=4 Participants
63.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.2 • n=21 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
1448 Participants
n=5 Participants
1449 Participants
n=7 Participants
1450 Participants
n=5 Participants
1449 Participants
n=4 Participants
5796 Participants
n=21 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
2422 Participants
n=5 Participants
2421 Participants
n=7 Participants
2420 Participants
n=5 Participants
2421 Participants
n=4 Participants
9684 Participants
n=21 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Ethnic origin · White
3733 Participants
n=5 Participants
3734 Participants
n=7 Participants
3734 Participants
n=5 Participants
3734 Participants
n=4 Participants
14935 Participants
n=21 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Ethnic origin · Indian/Pakistani/Bangladeshi
46 Participants
n=5 Participants
45 Participants
n=7 Participants
46 Participants
n=5 Participants
47 Participants
n=4 Participants
184 Participants
n=21 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Ethnic origin · African/Caribbean
34 Participants
n=5 Participants
36 Participants
n=7 Participants
36 Participants
n=5 Participants
34 Participants
n=4 Participants
140 Participants
n=21 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Ethnic origin · Other/unknown
57 Participants
n=5 Participants
55 Participants
n=7 Participants
54 Participants
n=5 Participants
55 Participants
n=4 Participants
221 Participants
n=21 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United Kingdom
3870 participants
n=5 Participants
3870 participants
n=7 Participants
3870 participants
n=5 Participants
3870 participants
n=4 Participants
15480 participants
n=21 Participants
Body-mass index (kg/m²)
<25
522 Participants
n=5 Participants
558 Participants
n=7 Participants
607 Participants
n=5 Participants
562 Participants
n=4 Participants
2249 Participants
n=21 Participants
Body-mass index (kg/m²)
≥25 to <30
1356 Participants
n=5 Participants
1397 Participants
n=7 Participants
1415 Participants
n=5 Participants
1361 Participants
n=4 Participants
5529 Participants
n=21 Participants
Body-mass index (kg/m²)
≥30
1863 Participants
n=5 Participants
1802 Participants
n=7 Participants
1721 Participants
n=5 Participants
1815 Participants
n=4 Participants
7201 Participants
n=21 Participants
Body-mass index (kg/m²)
Unknown
129 Participants
n=5 Participants
113 Participants
n=7 Participants
127 Participants
n=5 Participants
132 Participants
n=4 Participants
501 Participants
n=21 Participants
Body-mass index (mean)
30.9 kg/m²
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.3 • n=5 Participants
30.8 kg/m²
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.2 • n=7 Participants
30.5 kg/m²
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.3 • n=5 Participants
30.7 kg/m²
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.3 • n=4 Participants
30.7 kg/m²
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.3 • n=21 Participants
Smoking status
Current smoker
319 Participants
n=5 Participants
320 Participants
n=7 Participants
320 Participants
n=5 Participants
320 Participants
n=4 Participants
1279 Participants
n=21 Participants
Smoking status
Ex-smoker
1764 Participants
n=5 Participants
1762 Participants
n=7 Participants
1763 Participants
n=5 Participants
1762 Participants
n=4 Participants
7051 Participants
n=21 Participants
Smoking status
Never smoked
1745 Participants
n=5 Participants
1744 Participants
n=7 Participants
1744 Participants
n=5 Participants
1744 Participants
n=4 Participants
6977 Participants
n=21 Participants
Smoking status
Unknown
42 Participants
n=5 Participants
44 Participants
n=7 Participants
43 Participants
n=5 Participants
44 Participants
n=4 Participants
173 Participants
n=21 Participants
Treated hypertension
Yes
2384 Participants
n=5 Participants
2382 Participants
n=7 Participants
2384 Participants
n=5 Participants
2383 Participants
n=4 Participants
9533 Participants
n=21 Participants
Treated hypertension
No
1459 Participants
n=5 Participants
1460 Participants
n=7 Participants
1458 Participants
n=5 Participants
1458 Participants
n=4 Participants
5835 Participants
n=21 Participants
Treated hypertension
Unknown
27 Participants
n=5 Participants
28 Participants
n=7 Participants
28 Participants
n=5 Participants
29 Participants
n=4 Participants
112 Participants
n=21 Participants
Aspirin use prior to screening
Yes
1373 Participants
n=5 Participants
1367 Participants
n=7 Participants
1371 Participants
n=5 Participants
1397 Participants
n=4 Participants
5508 Participants
n=21 Participants
Aspirin use prior to screening
No
2497 Participants
n=5 Participants
2503 Participants
n=7 Participants
2499 Participants
n=5 Participants
2473 Participants
n=4 Participants
9972 Participants
n=21 Participants
Type of diabetes
Type 1
226 Participants
n=5 Participants
232 Participants
n=7 Participants
234 Participants
n=5 Participants
219 Participants
n=4 Participants
911 Participants
n=21 Participants
Type of diabetes
Type 2
3644 Participants
n=5 Participants
3638 Participants
n=7 Participants
3636 Participants
n=5 Participants
3651 Participants
n=4 Participants
14569 Participants
n=21 Participants
Duration of diabetes (years)
<6 yr
2172 Participants
n=5 Participants
2165 Participants
n=7 Participants
2160 Participants
n=5 Participants
2162 Participants
n=4 Participants
8659 Participants
n=21 Participants
Duration of diabetes (years)
≥6 <13 yr
1484 Participants
n=5 Participants
1492 Participants
n=7 Participants
1496 Participants
n=5 Participants
1493 Participants
n=4 Participants
5965 Participants
n=21 Participants
Duration of diabetes (years)
≥13 yr
214 Participants
n=5 Participants
213 Participants
n=7 Participants
214 Participants
n=5 Participants
215 Participants
n=4 Participants
856 Participants
n=21 Participants
Duration of diabetes (years)
7 years
n=5 Participants
7 years
n=7 Participants
7 years
n=5 Participants
7 years
n=4 Participants
7 years
n=21 Participants
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
<130 mmHg
849 Participants
n=5 Participants
845 Participants
n=7 Participants
846 Participants
n=5 Participants
854 Participants
n=4 Participants
3394 Participants
n=21 Participants
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
≥130 to <140 mmHg
764 Participants
n=5 Participants
786 Participants
n=7 Participants
783 Participants
n=5 Participants
758 Participants
n=4 Participants
3091 Participants
n=21 Participants
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
≥140 mmHg
1140 Participants
n=5 Participants
1123 Participants
n=7 Participants
1139 Participants
n=5 Participants
1153 Participants
n=4 Participants
4555 Participants
n=21 Participants
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
Unknown
1117 Participants
n=5 Participants
1116 Participants
n=7 Participants
1102 Participants
n=5 Participants
1105 Participants
n=4 Participants
4440 Participants
n=21 Participants
Systolic blood pressure (mean)
136.1 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.4 • n=5 Participants
136.1 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.0 • n=7 Participants
136.2 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.3 • n=5 Participants
136.2 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.2 • n=4 Participants
136.2 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.3 • n=21 Participants
Vascular risk score
Low (<5%)
1567 Participants
n=5 Participants
1561 Participants
n=7 Participants
1577 Participants
n=5 Participants
1559 Participants
n=4 Participants
6264 Participants
n=21 Participants
Vascular risk score
Moderate (≥5%, <10%)
1635 Participants
n=5 Participants
1659 Participants
n=7 Participants
1634 Participants
n=5 Participants
1620 Participants
n=4 Participants
6548 Participants
n=21 Participants
Vascular risk score
High (≥10%)
668 Participants
n=5 Participants
650 Participants
n=7 Participants
659 Participants
n=5 Participants
691 Participants
n=4 Participants
2668 Participants
n=21 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

The primary efficacy assessments involve intention-to-treat comparisons among all randomized participants of allocation to aspirin versus placebo and, separately, of omega-3 fatty acids versus placebo on the first occurrence of any "Serious Vascular Event" (SVE), defined as: * non-fatal myocardial infarction; or * non-fatal stroke (excluding confirmed intracranial hemorrhage) or TIA; or * vascular death excluding confirmed intracranial hemorrhage (defined as International Classification of Diseases 10th revision \[ICD-10\] I00-52 or I63-99, i.e. excluding subarachnoid hemorrhage \[I60\], intracerebral hemorrhage \[I61\], and other non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage \[I62\]).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With First Occurrence of Any Serious Vascular Event (SVE)
658 Participants
743 Participants
689 Participants
712 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

The primary safety assessments involve intention-to-treat comparisons among all randomized patients of allocation to aspirin versus placebo on the first occurrence of "any major bleed", defined as: * any confirmed intracranial hemorrhage (including intracerebral, subarachnoid, subdural or any other intracranial hemorrhage); or * sight-threatening eye bleeding; or * any other serious bleeding episode.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With First Occurrence of Any Major Bleed (Aspirin Comparison Only)
314 Participants
245 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Population: A single participant may have had multiple events.

Secondary efficacy assessments involve intention-to-treat comparisons among all randomized participants of allocation to aspirin versus placebo and, separately, of omega-3 versus placebo on the first occurrence of the expanded vascular endpoint of "SVE or revascularization" (including coronary and non-coronary revascularizations).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Combined End-point of Serious Vascular Events (SVEs) or Revascularizations
833 Participants
936 Participants
882 Participants
887 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Population: Participants taking aspirin

Secondary efficacy assessments of aspirin involve intention-to-treat comparisons during the scheduled treatment period among all randomized participants on the first occurrence of: Any incident gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancer (i.e. any GI cancer excluding pancreas and hepatobiliary), overall and after exclusion of the first three years of follow-up.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Any Incident Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract Cancer (Aspirin Comparison Only)
157 Participants
158 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

'All-cause mortality' includes all recorded deaths.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Fatal Event: All-cause Mortality
748 Participants
792 Participants
752 Participants
788 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Fatal 'Coronary' events include deaths from: Acute MI and other CHD (unspecified Acute ischaemic heart disease; Atherosclerotic heart disease; Ischaemic cardiomyopathy; unspecified Chronic ischaemic heart disease).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Fatal Event: Coronary
105 Participants
122 Participants
100 Participants
127 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Fatal 'All stroke' events include deaths from: Haemorrhagic stroke (Intracerebral haemorrhage; Subarachnoid haemorrhage); Non-haemorrhagic stroke (Cerebral infarction; Stroke not specified as haemorrhage or infarction).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Fatal Event: All Stroke
38 Participants
34 Participants
35 Participants
37 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Fatal 'Other vascular' events include deaths from: Heart failure (excluding ischaemic cardiomyopathy); Other vascular death (excluding stroke; and Cardiac death (excluding CHD).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Fatal Event: Other Vascular
67 Participants
70 Participants
61 Participants
76 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Fatal 'Cancer' events include any death attributed to cancer.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Fatal Event: Cancer
309 Participants
315 Participants
305 Participants
319 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Fatal 'Respiratory' events include any death attributed to respiratory causes.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Fatal Event: Respiratory
82 Participants
69 Participants
73 Participants
78 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Fatal 'Other medical' events include deaths from: Non-vascular medical causes (excluding cancer and respiratory, including Fatal GI bleed or perforation); and deaths from Renal disease and Diabetes.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Fatal Event: Other Medical
126 Participants
157 Participants
158 Participants
125 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Fatal 'External cause' events include deaths from: Injury; Fracture; Self harm; and Medical and surgical complications

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Fatal Event: External Cause
18 Participants
21 Participants
17 Participants
22 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Any death for which the cause is not known.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Fatal Event: Unknown Cause
3 Participants
4 Participants
3 Participants
4 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Incidence of fatal or non-fatal cancers. Any cancer excludes non-fatal non-melanoma skin cancer and non-fatal recurrence of a cancer that had occurred before randomization. A single participant may have had multiple cancers.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Event: Any Cancer
897 Participants
887 Participants
894 Participants
890 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Includes fatal and non-fatal cancers. Excludes cancers reported in the gastrointestinal tract category (see secondary outcome measure #4), and includes hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Event: Other Gastrointestinal Cancer (Aspirin Comparison Only)
87 Participants
82 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Includes fatal and non-fatal cancers. Includes lung and larynx cancer.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Event: Respiratory Cancer
101 Participants
103 Participants
104 Participants
100 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Includes fatal and non-fatal renal, bladder, prostate, gynaecological and other GU cancers

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Event: Genitourinary Cancer
332 Participants
294 Participants
323 Participants
303 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Includes fatal and non-fatal cancers. Includes leukaemia and lymphoma.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Event: Hematological Cancer
88 Participants
86 Participants
94 Participants
80 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Includes fatal and non-fatal cancers.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Event: Breast Cancer
97 Participants
96 Participants
103 Participants
90 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Includes fatal and non-fatal melanomas.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Event: Melanoma
50 Participants
59 Participants
55 Participants
54 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Includes fatal and non-fatal cancers not included elsewhere (where the type of cancer is known).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Event: Other Cancer
25 Participants
30 Participants
23 Participants
32 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Includes fatal and non-fatal cancers of unknown type.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Event: Unspecified Cancer
26 Participants
31 Participants
25 Participants
32 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Includes fatal and non-fatal events.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Event: Atrial Fibrillation (Omega-3 Comparison Only)
166 Participants
135 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years

Includes fatal and non-fatal events, excludes atrial fibrillation.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 Participants
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Number of Participants With Event: Other Arrhythmia (Omega-3 Comparison Only)
83 Participants
99 Participants

Adverse Events

Aspirin

Serious events: 5264 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 748 deaths

Placebo Aspirin

Serious events: 5321 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 792 deaths

Omega-3

Serious events: 5344 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 752 deaths

Placebo Omega-3

Serious events: 5241 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 788 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Aspirin
n=7740 participants at risk
Group includes 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Placebo Aspirin
n=7740 participants at risk
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Omega-3 arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Aspirin+Placebo Omega-3 arm
Omega-3
n=7740 participants at risk
Group includes 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Placebo Omega-3
n=7740 participants at risk
Group includes 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Aspirin arm, and 3870 participants in the Placebo Omega-3+Placebo Aspirin arm
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
2.4%
184/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
1.9%
145/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
2.0%
156/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
2.2%
173/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Cardiac disorders
Cardiac disorders
10.1%
784/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
10.6%
824/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
10.5%
812/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
10.3%
796/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Congenital, familial and genetic disorders
Congenital, familial and genetic disorders
0.06%
5/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.05%
4/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.08%
6/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.04%
3/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Ear and labyrinth disorders
Ear and labyrinth disorders
0.57%
44/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.19%
15/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.30%
23/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.47%
36/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Endocrine disorders
Endocrine disorders
0.27%
21/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.27%
21/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.31%
24/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.23%
18/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Eye disorders
Eye disorders
6.6%
511/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
5.9%
457/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
6.3%
486/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
6.2%
482/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Gastrointestinal disorders
8.6%
664/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
8.2%
635/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
8.7%
671/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
8.1%
628/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
General disorders
General disorders and administration site conditions
3.1%
240/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
3.0%
231/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
3.2%
247/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
2.9%
224/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Hepatobiliary disorders
Hepatobiliary disorders
1.4%
112/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
1.9%
149/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
1.7%
134/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
1.6%
127/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Immune system disorders
Immune system disorders
0.35%
27/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.25%
19/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.21%
16/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.39%
30/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Infections and infestations
Infections and infestations
11.1%
859/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
10.4%
804/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
10.9%
847/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
10.5%
816/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
6.3%
484/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
6.2%
479/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
6.3%
488/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
6.1%
475/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Investigations
Investigations
11.7%
906/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
12.5%
965/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
12.1%
935/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
12.1%
936/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
2.6%
200/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
2.3%
176/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
2.6%
201/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
2.3%
175/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
3.2%
248/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
3.3%
256/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
3.4%
265/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
3.1%
239/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
17.1%
1320/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
16.4%
1266/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
16.7%
1294/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
16.7%
1292/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Nervous system disorders
Nervous system disorders
9.4%
724/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
10.0%
776/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
9.6%
741/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
9.8%
759/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Psychiatric disorders
Psychiatric disorders
0.45%
35/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.53%
41/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.47%
36/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.52%
40/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Renal and urinary disorders
Renal and urinary disorders
4.9%
381/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
5.0%
384/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
5.0%
387/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
4.9%
378/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Reproductive system and breast disorders
Reproductive system and breast disorders
2.0%
157/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
1.7%
130/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
1.8%
137/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
1.9%
150/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
5.6%
436/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
4.5%
351/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
5.1%
395/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
5.1%
392/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
2.2%
171/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
1.6%
127/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
1.7%
131/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
2.2%
167/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Social circumstances
Social circumstances
0.03%
2/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.03%
2/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.04%
3/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
0.01%
1/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Surgical and medical procedures
Surgical and medical procedures
37.7%
2916/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
38.6%
2990/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
38.6%
2990/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
37.7%
2916/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
Vascular disorders
Vascular disorders
2.5%
192/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
2.8%
213/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
2.5%
194/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.
2.7%
211/7740 • Randomized treatment phase during a mean of 7.4 years
Follow-up questionnaires asking about cardiovascular events and other Serious Adverse Events were sent to participants at 6-monthly intervals. Only information about Serious Adverse Events were collected, therefore there are no Non-Serious Adverse Events to report.

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Prof Jane Armitage

Nuffield Department of Population Health

Phone: +44 (0)1865 743743

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place