Memantine and Naltrexone Treatment for Opioid Dependence

Study Results

Results available

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE2

Total Enrollment

81 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2005-06-30

Study Completion Date

2008-08-31

Brief Summary

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The goal of this study is to test the efficacy of memantine (a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist) as an adjunct to the maintenance treatment with naltrexone in detoxified heroin-dependent individuals.

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Detailed Description

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The primary aim of this study is to test the efficacy of memantine, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, in reducing early attrition and improving outcome in opioid-dependent individuals maintained on naltrexone.

This double-blind, 12-week trial will include heroin-dependent patients who completed detoxification. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three conditions: naltrexone and placebo, naltrexone and memantine (15 mg bid), or naltrexone and memantine (30 mg bid). Naltrexone will be taken 3 times each week at the clinic, while memantine or placebo will be taken at home. In addition, twice each week patients will receive a psychosocial intervention that will include motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioral relapse prevention. The goal of the psychosocial intervention is to improve compliance with medication and maintain abstinence. Baseline assessments will be taken and compared to those completed at study visits, which will occur 3 times each week.

Conditions

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Opioid Dependence

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

TRIPLE

Participants Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Placebo

Placebo plus oral naltrexone

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Naltrexone

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients received the equivalent of 50 mg/day. Dispensed as 100 mg on Mondays and Wednesdays and 150 mg on Fridays.

Memantine 30 mg bid

Memantine 30 mg bid plus oral naltrexone

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Memantine

Intervention Type DRUG

One arm receives 30 mg bid and the other arm receives receives 15mg bid

Naltrexone

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients received the equivalent of 50 mg/day. Dispensed as 100 mg on Mondays and Wednesdays and 150 mg on Fridays.

Memantine 15 mg bid

memantine 15 mg bid plus oral naltrexone

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Memantine

Intervention Type DRUG

One arm receives 30 mg bid and the other arm receives receives 15mg bid

Naltrexone

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients received the equivalent of 50 mg/day. Dispensed as 100 mg on Mondays and Wednesdays and 150 mg on Fridays.

Interventions

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Memantine

One arm receives 30 mg bid and the other arm receives receives 15mg bid

Intervention Type DRUG

Naltrexone

Patients received the equivalent of 50 mg/day. Dispensed as 100 mg on Mondays and Wednesdays and 150 mg on Fridays.

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Adult, aged 18-60.
* Meets DSM-IV criteria for current opiate dependence disorder of at least six months duration, supported by a positive urine for opiates and a positive naloxone challenge test if the diagnosis is unclear.
* Able to give informed consent.

Exclusion:

* Pregnancy or breastfeeding
* Failure in a sexually active woman to use adequate contraceptive methods
* Active medical illness that might make participation hazardous, such as untreated hypertension, acute hepatitis with SGOT or SGPT levels \> 2 times normal, unstable diabetes, or chronic organic mental disorder (e.g., AIDS dementia)
* Active psychiatric disorder that might interfere with participation or make participation hazardous, including DSM-IV schizophrenia, bipolar disorder with mania or psychosis, and depressive disorder with suicide risk or 1 or more suicide attempts within the past year.
* History of allergic reaction to buprenorphine, naloxone, memantine, naltrexone, clonidine, or clonazepam
* Currently prescribed or regularly taking opiates for chronic pain or medical illness
* Current participation in another intensive psychotherapy or substance abuse treatment program or currently prescribed psychotropic medications
* Current participation in a methadone maintenance treatment program and/or regular use of illicit methadone ( \> 30 mg per week)
* History of accidental drug overdose in the last 3 years or any other significant history of overdose following detoxification, defined as an episode of opioid-induced unconsciousness or incapacitation, whether or not medical treatment was sought or received

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

60 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No