Trial Outcomes & Findings for Comparison of Three Hepatitis B Vaccination Regimens in HIV-Positive Youth (NCT NCT00106964)

NCT ID: NCT00106964

Last Updated: 2017-03-29

Results Overview

The primary outcome, percentage positive sero-response, was compared between Arm 1 and each of the two alternative strategy arms (Arm 2 and Arm 3) and measured 4 weeks after the third vaccination at Week 28. Response is defined as greater than or equal to 10 IU/mL of serum being present; non-response is defined as less than 10 IU/mL.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE4

Target enrollment

371 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Week 28

Results posted on

2017-03-29

Participant Flow

This is a multi-site study. Accrual was open between April 2006 and January 2008. Participants were enrolled in the United States, South Africa, Brazil, and the Bahamas.

Subjects were randomized into one of three arms using blocks of six and stratified by absolute CD4 count (less than 500 and 500 cells/mL or greater) and previous hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination (0,1). The randomization was restricted so that the percentage of subjects with CD4 count \< = 200 cells/mL would not exceed 15% of subjects on any arm.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
1: Engerix 20 mcg
Standard dose (20 mcg) of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
2: Engerix 40 mcg
40 mcg of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
3: Twinrix 20 mcg
20 mcg of Twinrix. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
Overall Study
STARTED
118
126
127
Overall Study
COMPLETED
105
111
120
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
13
15
7

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
1: Engerix 20 mcg
Standard dose (20 mcg) of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
2: Engerix 40 mcg
40 mcg of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
3: Twinrix 20 mcg
20 mcg of Twinrix. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
8
6
2
Overall Study
Pregnancy
2
3
2
Overall Study
Death
1
1
0
Overall Study
Incarceration
0
1
0
Overall Study
Site Funding Terminated
0
1
1
Overall Study
Failure to adhere
2
0
0
Overall Study
Did not meet eligibility criteria
0
2
2
Overall Study
Required disallowed medication
0
1
0

Baseline Characteristics

Comparison of Three Hepatitis B Vaccination Regimens in HIV-Positive Youth

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
1: Engerix 20 mcg
n=118 Participants
Standard dose (20 mcg) of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
2: Engerix 40 mcg
n=126 Participants
40 mcg of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
3: Twinrix 20 mcg
n=127 Participants
20 mcg of Twinrix. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
Total
n=371 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
20.56 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.42 • n=5 Participants
20.96 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.25 • n=7 Participants
20.20 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.50 • n=5 Participants
20.57 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.40 • n=4 Participants
Age, Customized
12-13 years
8 participants
n=5 Participants
3 participants
n=7 Participants
8 participants
n=5 Participants
19 participants
n=4 Participants
Age, Customized
14-15 years
5 participants
n=5 Participants
11 participants
n=7 Participants
10 participants
n=5 Participants
26 participants
n=4 Participants
Age, Customized
16-19 years
25 participants
n=5 Participants
18 participants
n=7 Participants
20 participants
n=5 Participants
63 participants
n=4 Participants
Age, Customized
>20 years
80 participants
n=5 Participants
94 participants
n=7 Participants
89 participants
n=5 Participants
263 participants
n=4 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
73 Participants
n=5 Participants
74 Participants
n=7 Participants
80 Participants
n=5 Participants
227 Participants
n=4 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
45 Participants
n=5 Participants
52 Participants
n=7 Participants
47 Participants
n=5 Participants
144 Participants
n=4 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
52 participants
n=5 Participants
54 participants
n=7 Participants
49 participants
n=5 Participants
155 participants
n=4 Participants
Region of Enrollment
South Africa
4 participants
n=5 Participants
6 participants
n=7 Participants
13 participants
n=5 Participants
23 participants
n=4 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Brazil
52 participants
n=5 Participants
58 participants
n=7 Participants
58 participants
n=5 Participants
168 participants
n=4 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Bahamas
10 participants
n=5 Participants
8 participants
n=7 Participants
7 participants
n=5 Participants
25 participants
n=4 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 28

Population: Participants who completed a Week 28 visit with a Hepatitis B serology result were included in this analysis.

The primary outcome, percentage positive sero-response, was compared between Arm 1 and each of the two alternative strategy arms (Arm 2 and Arm 3) and measured 4 weeks after the third vaccination at Week 28. Response is defined as greater than or equal to 10 IU/mL of serum being present; non-response is defined as less than 10 IU/mL.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1: Engerix 20 mcg
n=106 Participants
Standard dose (20 mcg) of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
2: Engerix 40 mcg
n=112 Participants
40 mcg of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
3: Twinrix 20 mcg
n=118 Participants
20 mcg of Twinrix. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
Sero-response to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
60 percentage of participants who resonded
Interval 0.0 to 0.0
73.2 percentage of participants who resonded
Interval 65.0 to 81.4
75.4 percentage of participants who resonded
Interval 67.7 to 83.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline through Week 72

Population: All enrolled participants were included in this analysis of all AEs that were possibly or probably related to study drug. There were no AEs above Grade 3 considered to be possibly or probably related to study drug.

The number of adverse events (AE) was described by study arm. The proportion of subjects with clinical adverse events in Arms 1 and each of the two alternative strategy arms (Arm 2 and Arm 3) were compared to assess whether or not there is a difference in patients with any grade toxicity.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1: Engerix 20 mcg
n=118 Participants
Standard dose (20 mcg) of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
2: Engerix 40 mcg
n=126 Participants
40 mcg of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
3: Twinrix 20 mcg
n=127 Participants
20 mcg of Twinrix. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ADVERSE EVENTS BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY - POSSIBLY OR PROBABLY RELATED
Asthenia, Grade 1
0 Events
0 Events
1 Events
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ADVERSE EVENTS BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY - POSSIBLY OR PROBABLY RELATED
Arthralgia, Grade 3
1 Events
0 Events
0 Events
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ADVERSE EVENTS BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY - POSSIBLY OR PROBABLY RELATED
Headache, Grade 1
1 Events
0 Events
0 Events
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ADVERSE EVENTS BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY - POSSIBLY OR PROBABLY RELATED
Headache, Grade 2
2 Events
0 Events
0 Events
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ADVERSE EVENTS BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY - POSSIBLY OR PROBABLY RELATED
Somnolence, Grade 1
0 Events
0 Events
1 Events
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ADVERSE EVENTS BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY - POSSIBLY OR PROBABLY RELATED
Syncope Vasovagal, Grade 1
0 Events
0 Events
1 Events

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline through Week 72

Population: All enrolled participants were included in this analysis of AEs that were definitely related to study drug. There were no AEs above Grade 2 considered to be definitely related to study drug.

The number of AEs was described by study arm. The proportion of subjects with clinical AEs in Arms 1 and each of the two alternative strategy arms (Arm 2 and Arm 3)were compared to assess whether or not there is a difference in subjects with any grade toxicity.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1: Engerix 20 mcg
n=118 Participants
Standard dose (20 mcg) of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
2: Engerix 40 mcg
n=126 Participants
40 mcg of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
3: Twinrix 20 mcg
n=127 Participants
20 mcg of Twinrix. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ADVERSE EVENTS BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY - DEFINITELY RELATED
Injection Site Pain, Grade 1
1 event
0 event
1 event
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ADVERSE EVENTS BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY - DEFINITELY RELATED
Myalgia, Grade 2
1 event
0 event
1 event

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline through Week 72

Population: All enrolled participants were included in this analysis. The following no. of participants experienced at least one Grade 2 or higher abnormal labs by study arm.

The number of adverse events and subjects with the events were described by study arm. The proportion of subjects with abnormal labs in Arms 1 and each of the two alternative strategy arms (Arm 2 and Arm 3) were compared to assess whether or not there is a difference in subjects with grade 3 or 4 toxicity. The laboratory events included are AEs classified as probably, possibly, or definitely related to study drug as classified by the Site Investigator.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1: Engerix 20 mcg
n=10 Events
Standard dose (20 mcg) of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
2: Engerix 40 mcg
n=10 Events
40 mcg of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
3: Twinrix 20 mcg
n=19 Events
20 mcg of Twinrix. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ABNORMAL LABORATORY VALUES GRADE 2 OR ABOVE BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY
Absolute Neutrophil Count
7 Events
5 Events
9 Events
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ABNORMAL LABORATORY VALUES GRADE 2 OR ABOVE BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY
Hemoglobin
0 Events
1 Events
2 Events
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ABNORMAL LABORATORY VALUES GRADE 2 OR ABOVE BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY
Platelets
0 Events
2 Events
1 Events
Safety of 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in HIV+ Youth - ABNORMAL LABORATORY VALUES GRADE 2 OR ABOVE BY INTERVENTION ARM ON STUDY
White Blood Cell count
3 Events
2 Events
7 Events

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Entry through Week 72

Population: Population analyzed were those who had an antibody titer measured at Week 28.

Within each arm, the duration of response in HIV-infected youth was analyzed for all subjects who were responders at 28 weeks. The possible values for response duration could be 20 weeks or less (responder at 28 weeks but not at 48 weeks), 20 to 44 weeks (responder at 28 and 48 weeks but not at 72 weeks), or greater than 44 weeks (responder at 28, 48, and 72 weeks). A response of greater than 20 weeks includes those who responded after 20 weeks, but whose exact response duration was unknown.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1: Engerix 20 mcg
n=61 Participants
Standard dose (20 mcg) of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
2: Engerix 40 mcg
n=78 Participants
40 mcg of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
3: Twinrix 20 mcg
n=81 Participants
20 mcg of Twinrix. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
Response Rates in HIV+ Youth Within Each Study Arm by Study Duration
<= 20 weeks
27.87 percentage of participants who responded
19.23 percentage of participants who responded
22.22 percentage of participants who responded
Response Rates in HIV+ Youth Within Each Study Arm by Study Duration
21 - 44 weeks
3.28 percentage of participants who responded
7.69 percentage of participants who responded
11.11 percentage of participants who responded
Response Rates in HIV+ Youth Within Each Study Arm by Study Duration
> 20 weeks
4.92 percentage of participants who responded
12.82 percentage of participants who responded
3.70 percentage of participants who responded
Response Rates in HIV+ Youth Within Each Study Arm by Study Duration
> 44 weeks
63.93 percentage of participants who responded
60.26 percentage of participants who responded
62.96 percentage of participants who responded

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 28

Population: All participants who had a Week 28 Hepatitis B serology result

Response rate associated with the participant's study arm, baseline CD4 count, and interaction term that reflects how subjects in Arm 2 responded differently depending on their CD4 count. Response is defined as greater than or equal to 10 IU/mL of serum being present; non-response is defined as less than 10 IU/mL.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1: Engerix 20 mcg
n=112 Participants
Standard dose (20 mcg) of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
2: Engerix 40 mcg
n=106 Participants
40 mcg of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
3: Twinrix 20 mcg
n=118 Participants
20 mcg of Twinrix. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
Sero-Response to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen; Predictor: STUDY ARM
73.2 percentage of participants who responded
Interval 0.07 to 1.19
60 percentage of participants who responded
Interval 1.0 to 1.0
75.4 percentage of participants who responded
Interval 1.09 to 3.63

Adverse Events

1: Engerix 20 mcg

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 28 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

2: Engerix 40 mcg

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 25 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

3. Twinrix 20 mcg

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 25 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
1: Engerix 20 mcg
n=118 participants at risk
Standard dose (20 mcg) of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
2: Engerix 40 mcg
n=126 participants at risk
40 mcg of Hepatitis B vaccine. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
3. Twinrix 20 mcg
n=127 participants at risk
20 mcg of Twinrix. Dose #1 at Entry; Dose #2 at Week 4; Dose #3 at Week 24.
General disorders
General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions
11.9%
14/118 • Number of events 14 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
2.4%
3/126 • Number of events 3 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
5.5%
7/127 • Number of events 7 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
Nervous system disorders
Nervous System Disorders
14.4%
17/118 • Number of events 17 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
11.1%
14/126 • Number of events 14 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
9.4%
12/127 • Number of events 12 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
Gastrointestinal disorders
Gastrointestinal Disorders
3.4%
4/118 • Number of events 4 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
8.7%
11/126 • Number of events 11 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
0.79%
1/127 • Number of events 1 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
Investigations
Investigations
10.2%
12/118 • Number of events 12 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
4.0%
5/126 • Number of events 5 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
7.1%
9/127 • Number of events 9 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Blood and lymphatic System Disorders
5.9%
7/118 • Number of events 7 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
4.0%
5/126 • Number of events 5 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
4.7%
6/127 • Number of events 6 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
Infections and infestations
Infecions and Infestations
11.9%
14/118 • Number of events 14 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
9.5%
12/126 • Number of events 12 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report
5.5%
7/127 • Number of events 7 • Data were collected over a three year time period.
There were no Serious Adverse Events (SAE) to report

Additional Information

Dr. Bob Harris

Westat

Phone: 301-251-1500

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee The Adolescent Medicine Trials Network (ATN) for HIV/AIDS Interventions Publication Policy outlines procedures for the development and review of abstracts, publications and presentations. The Adolescent Medicine Leadership Group (AMLG) retains custody of and primary rights to the data. Use of data must be approved by protocol team and AMLG.
  • Publication restrictions are in place

Restriction type: OTHER