Safety and Effectiveness of Administering an HIV Vaccine in the Groin Versus the Arm

NCT ID: NCT00076817

Last Updated: 2012-10-29

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE1
• Total Enrollment: 18 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2006-06-30
• Study Completion Date: 2008-09-30

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine the safety of and immune system response to the ALVAC-HIV (vCP205) vaccine when it is injected either into the groin area or into the arm. The goal is to determine if injecting the vaccine into the groin area produces a better immune response in the lining of the rectum.

Detailed Description

HIV is most commonly transmitted via a mucosal surface. The mucosal lining is a potential site of both humoral and cellular protection through the activity of B lymphocytes, activated memory T lymphocytes, secretory IgA, and antigen presenting cells. In addition to systemic immunity, a preventive HIV vaccine should induce immune responses at the mucosal surfaces that are portals of HIV entry into the body.

Targeted lymph node immunization involves vaccine injection into the subcutaneous tissue near a lymph node. This strategy has proven effective in the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/rhesus macaque model. The iliac and inguinal lymph nodes in the groin are the primary draining lymph nodes of the genitourinary and rectal tracts. This study will evaluate and compare the safety and immunogenicity of ALVAC-HIV (vCP205) when administered subcutaneously in the groin and intramuscularly in the deltoid region. ALVAC-HIV (vCP205) is a canarypox virus vector vaccine expressing portions of the gp120, Gag, and Pol genes.

Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to receive vaccine or placebo injections in the groin area or the upper arm. All participants will have three baseline visits for blood tests and sigmoidoscopies to measure baseline immune functions. After these visits, participants will receive weekly injections for 4 weeks. Groin injections will be given subcutaneously (under the skin) and upper arm injections will be given intramuscularly (into the muscle). Participants will have follow-up visits 5 and 11 months after the last immunization. Participants will have blood draws and sigmoidoscopies and will receive HIV risk reduction counseling throughout the study. Total length of participation will be approximately 14 months. Participants may continue to contact the study for HIV testing and study-related concerns for 1 year after study participation.

Conditions

HIV Infections; HIV Seronegativity

Keywords

HIV Preventive Vaccine; ALVAC Vaccine; Immunization Site; Deltoid; Groin; Targeted Inguinal Lymph Node; TILN

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: FACTORIAL
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

1

Participants will receive vaccine injections in the groin area or the upper arm

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

ALVAC-HIV (vCP205)

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

Canarypox virus vector vaccine

2

Participants will receive vaccine placebo injections in the groin area or the upper arm

Group Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

ALVAC-HIV (vCP205)

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

Canarypox virus vector vaccine placbo

Interventions

ALVAC-HIV (vCP205)

Canarypox virus vector vaccine

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

ALVAC-HIV (vCP205)

Canarypox virus vector vaccine placbo

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• HIV uninfected
• Low risk for acquiring HIV-1 (no sexually transmitted disease within 1 year of study entry, no history of injection drug use, no sex with an HIV infected individual or active injection drug user within 6 months of study entry, no unsafe sexual activity with unknown partners) or mutually monogamous relationship with a known HIV seronegative partner (per report) for 6 months prior to study entry
• Willing to abstain from receptive anal intercourse during the 14 months of the study
• Available for follow-up during the 14 months of the study
• Acceptable methods of contraception

Exclusion Criteria

• Pregnant or lactating woman
• Allergy to eggs or neomycin
• Live attenuated vaccines within 60 days of study. Medically indicated subunit or killed vaccines (e.g., influenza, pneumococcal) are not exclusionary, but should be given at least 1 month prior to study immunizations.
• Gastrointestinal complaints such as inflammatory bowel disease or chronic diarrhea
• Immunosuppression of any type, including those related to lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, leukemia, lymphoma, generalized malignancy, agammaglobulinemia, and therapy with alkylating agents, antimetabolites, or radiation
• Use of immunosuppressive medications within 6 months prior to study entry
• Thyroid disease
• Unstable asthma
• Exposure to or active tuberculosis
• Seizure disorders
• Bleeding disorders
• Splenectomy
• Hypertension (blood pressure less than 150/100 if on medication)
• Medical or psychiatric condition or occupational responsibilities which preclude participant's compliance with the study; specifically excluded are people with a history of suicide attempts, recent suicidal ideation, or who have past or present psychosis.
• Received HIV vaccines or placebo in a prior HIV vaccine trial
• Blood products within 120 days prior to study entry
• Immunoglobulin within 60 days prior to study entry
• Anaphylaxis or other serious adverse reactions to vaccines
• Serious allergic reaction to any substance requiring hospitalization or emergent medical care (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome, bronchospasm, or hypotension)
• Nonprescribed injection drug use
• Investigational research agents within 30 days prior to study entry

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

NIH

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Peter Anton, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of California, Los Angeles

Locations

UCLA Center for HIV and Digestive Diseases

Los Angeles, California, United States

Countries

United States

References

Yang OO, Ibarrondo FJ, Price C, Hultin LE, Elliott J, Hultin PM, Shih R, Hausner MA, Ng HL, Hoffman J, Jamieson BD, Anton PA. Differential blood and mucosal immune responses against an HIV-1 vaccine administered via inguinal or deltoid injection. PLoS One. 2014 Feb 18;9(2):e88621. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088621. eCollection 2014.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 24558403 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

UCLA MIG-003

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

5R01AI050467-03

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

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5R01AI050467-03

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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