Pharmacologic Intervention for Postcessation Weight Gain
NCT ID: NCT00005704
Last Updated: 2016-01-28
Study Results
Results pending
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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Recruitment Status
COMPLETED
Study Classification
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Start Date
1991-07-31
Study Completion Date
1997-06-30
Brief Summary
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To test pharmacologic intervention for smoking postcessation weight gain using nicotine gum and phenylpropanolamine (PPA).
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Detailed Description
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BACKGROUND:
Despite the potential importance of weight gain to smoking relapse, in 1991 there had been virtually no success in eliminating, or even reducing, the weight gain following smoking cessation. Two promising pharmacologic methods for reducing postcessation weight gain were nicotine gum and an over-the-counter drug, phenylpropanolamine gum (\[PPA\]. However, the relative efficacy of these two drugs had never been evaluated and the mechanisms of action of both drugs on weight gain were unknown.
DESIGN NARRATIVE:
The investigators determined the efficacy of nicotine gum and phenylpropanolamine (PPA) gum relative to a placebo in the reduction of postcessation weight gain throughout a 13-week combined behavioral and pharmacologic treatment program. Following cessation of the drugs at the end of treatment, they monitored long-term effects of these drugs on body weight at both a 6- and a 12-month follow-up. They also determined the mechanism of action of both nicotine gum and PPA gum (viz., changes in dietary intake, physical activity, or metabolic rate) on change in weight during the course of treatment and evaluated withdrawal symptoms of smoking cessation as they were moderated by either nicotine gum or PPA gum use during the course of treatment. Finally, they investigated whether PPA and nicotine gum produced an incremental effect on smoking cessation (relative to placebo gum) in a sample of female smokers who were at high risk for postcessation weight gain at posttest and at a 6- and 12-month follow-up.
Despite the potential importance of weight gain to smoking relapse, in 1991 there had been virtually no success in eliminating, or even reducing, the weight gain following smoking cessation. Two promising pharmacologic methods for reducing postcessation weight gain were nicotine gum and an over-the-counter drug, phenylpropanolamine gum (\[PPA\]. However, the relative efficacy of these two drugs had never been evaluated and the mechanisms of action of both drugs on weight gain were unknown.
DESIGN NARRATIVE:
The investigators determined the efficacy of nicotine gum and phenylpropanolamine (PPA) gum relative to a placebo in the reduction of postcessation weight gain throughout a 13-week combined behavioral and pharmacologic treatment program. Following cessation of the drugs at the end of treatment, they monitored long-term effects of these drugs on body weight at both a 6- and a 12-month follow-up. They also determined the mechanism of action of both nicotine gum and PPA gum (viz., changes in dietary intake, physical activity, or metabolic rate) on change in weight during the course of treatment and evaluated withdrawal symptoms of smoking cessation as they were moderated by either nicotine gum or PPA gum use during the course of treatment. Finally, they investigated whether PPA and nicotine gum produced an incremental effect on smoking cessation (relative to placebo gum) in a sample of female smokers who were at high risk for postcessation weight gain at posttest and at a 6- and 12-month follow-up.
Conditions
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Cardiovascular Diseases
Heart Diseases
Obesity
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
No eligibility criteria
Maximum Eligible Age
100 Years
Eligible Sex
MALE
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Sponsors
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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
NIH
Sponsor Role
collaborator
University of Memphis
OTHER
Sponsor Role
lead
References
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Klesges RC, Mealer CZ, Klesges LM. Effects of alcohol intake on resting energy expenditure in young women social drinkers. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 Apr;59(4):805-9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/59.4.805.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Klesges RC, Ray JW, Klesges LM. Caffeinated coffee and tea intake and its relationship to cigarette smoking: an analysis of the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II). J Subst Abuse. 1994;6(4):407-18. doi: 10.1016/s0899-3289(94)90334-4.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Klesges RC, Klesges LM. The relationship between body mass and cigarette smoking using a biochemical index of smoking exposure. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1993 Oct;17(10):585-91.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Camp DE, Klesges RC, Relyea G. The relationship between body weight concerns and adolescent smoking. Health Psychol. 1993 Jan;12(1):24-32. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.12.1.24.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Klesges RC, Shelton ML, Klesges LM. Effects of television on metabolic rate: potential implications for childhood obesity. Pediatrics. 1993 Feb;91(2):281-6.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Rushing PA, Winders SE, Watson SL, Klesges RC. Acute administration of phenylpropanolamine fails to affect resting energy expenditure in men of normal weight. Obes Res. 1997 Sep;5(5):470-3. doi: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1997.tb00673.x.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Meyers AW, Klesges RC, Winders SE, Ward KD, Peterson BA, Eck LH. Are weight concerns predictive of smoking cessation? A prospective analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1997 Jun;65(3):448-52. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.65.3.448.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Klesges RC, Winders SE, Meyers AW, Eck LH, Ward KD, Hultquist CM, Ray JW, Shadish WR. How much weight gain occurs following smoking cessation? A comparison of weight gain using both continuous and point prevalence abstinence. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1997 Apr;65(2):286-91. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.65.2.286.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Eck LH, Bennett AG, Egan BM, Ray JW, Mitchell CO, Smith MA, Klesges RC. Differences in macronutrient selections in users and nonusers of an oral contraceptive. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Feb;65(2):419-24. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/65.2.419.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Klesges RC, Eck LH, Ray JW. Who underreports dietary intake in a dietary recall? Evidence from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1995 Jun;63(3):438-44. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.63.3.438.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Klesges RC, Debon M, Ray JW. Are self-reports of smoking rate biased? Evidence from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Clin Epidemiol. 1995 Oct;48(10):1225-33. doi: 10.1016/0895-4356(95)00020-5.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Klesges RC, Klesges LM, DeBon M, Shelton ML, Isbell TR, Klem ML. Effects of phenylpropanolamine on withdrawal symptoms. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1995 May;119(1):85-91. doi: 10.1007/BF02246058.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Hultquist CM, Meyers AW, Whelan JP, Klesges RC, Peacher-Ryan H, DeBon MW. The effect of smoking and light activity on metabolism in men. Health Psychol. 1995 Mar;14(2):124-31. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.14.2.124.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Audrain JE, Klesges RC, Klesges LM. Relationship between obesity and the metabolic effects of smoking in women. Health Psychol. 1995 Mar;14(2):116-23. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.14.2.116.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Other Identifiers
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4359
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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