A Randomized Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of a Strategy of Starting With Nelfinavir Versus Ritonavir Added to Background Antiretroviral (AR) Nucleoside Therapy in HIV-Infected Individuals With CD4+ Cell Counts Less Than or Equal to 200/mm3

NCT ID: NCT00000859

Last Updated: 2021-10-29

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

1300 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Completion Date

2001-12-31

Brief Summary

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To compare nelfinavir (NFV) with ritonavir (RTV) for delaying disease progression or death in HIV-infected patients with CD4+ cell counts less than 100 cells/mm3 \[AS PER AMENDMENT 3/11/98: less than or equal to 200 cells/mm3\]. To compare NFV with RTV for the development of adverse events and for rates of permanent discontinuation of study medication.

\[AS PER AMENDMENT 10/02/97: To compare by intention-to-treat analysis for disease progression, including death, the following two regimens: NFV plus background combination antiretroviral (AR) therapy followed by indinavir (IDV) or RTV in the event of significant intolerance; and RTV plus AR therapy followed by IDV, then NFV, in the event of significant intolerance.\] \[AS PER AMENDMENT 3/11/98: SUBSTUDY CPCRA 045: To determine the relative rates of emergence of HIV-1 resistance and to compare changes in plasma HIV RNA levels and CD4+ cell counts in a sample of patients with CD4+ cell counts \<= 200/mm3 who are enrolled in protocol CPCRA 042.\] AR therapy is rapidly becoming the standard of care for the treatment of HIV infection. AR therapy provides the best opportunity for maximizing viral suppression, reducing toxicity and delaying the emergence of resistant strains. The newest class of AR agents, the HIV protease inhibitors, exhibits the most potent anti-HIV effects described to date. This study will compare 2 protease inhibitors, NFV and RTV for efficacy and safety in a population with advanced HIV disease, who are taking various background nucleoside therapies.

Detailed Description

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AR therapy is rapidly becoming the standard of care for the treatment of HIV infection. AR therapy provides the best opportunity for maximizing viral suppression, reducing toxicity and delaying the emergence of resistant strains. The newest class of AR agents, the HIV protease inhibitors, exhibits the most potent anti-HIV effects described to date. This study will compare 2 protease inhibitors, NFV and RTV for efficacy and safety in a population with advanced HIV disease, who are taking various background nucleoside therapies.

Eligible patients will be randomized either to NFV plus background AR nucleoside therapy or to RTV plus background AR nucleoside therapy. Background AR therapy may also be no background therapy, although use of protease inhibitors as monotherapy is not recommended unless there is no alternative. Patients will be allowed to cross over to the alternate protease inhibitor if they reach a primary study endpoint. Data will be collected every 4 months.

\[AS PER AMENDMENT 10/2/97: Patients assigned to the NFV arm who develop a significant intolerance may switch to RTV or IDV; those assigned to the RTV arm who develop a significant intolerance are encouraged to switch to IDV (NFV allowed if IDV contraindicated). Switchover for intolerance is strongly discouraged during the first 4 weeks of follow-up. Patients initially assigned to NFV therapy who experience disease progression may switch to RTV; if RTV is not tolerated, patients may switch to IDV. Because of the cross-resistance between RTV and IDV, patients who progress on RTV should switch to NFV.\] \[AS PER AMENDMENT 12/15/98: Patients originally assigned to NFV who experience poor virologic control or disease progression should change to RTV or IDV or enroll in the PIP protocol (CPCRA 057). Conversely, patients originally assigned to RTV should change to NFV or enroll in the PIP protocol (such patients continue to be followed on this study). Because of cross-resistance between RTV and IDV, change from RTV to IDV is discouraged. Determination of poor virologic control or disease progression is at the discretion of the patient's clinician. Change in background antiretroviral therapy should occur at the same time that the protease inhibitor is changed for poor virologic control or progression; the choice of new background antiretroviral agents is at the discretion of the clinician.\] Randomization is stratified by clinical site.\] \[AS PER AMENDMENT 3/11/98: SUBSTUDY CPCRA 045: At least 600 patients (\>= 400 from CPCRA sites and \>= 200 from CTN sites) will be enrolled in the substudy. These patients will have a plasma sample collected for HIV RNA and genotypic resistance within 30 days prior to randomization, at the 1-month visit, and at the q-4-month study visits thereafter until the end of the study. CD4+ cell counts will be done at the 1-month visit and at the q-4-month study visits until the end of the study. A subset of patients will also have immunophenotyping of CD4+ and CD8+ cell TCR V-beta clones carried out before and during treatment. Another subset of patients at selected sites will have viral cultures performed for phenotypic drug sensitivity testing.

Initially, specimens for 50 randomly chosen patients in the group originally assigned RTV will be identified for resistance testing. Of this group, specimens for those who have received RTV/IDV for more than 1 month will be analyzed for genotypic resistance to obtain an estimate of the rate of resistance development and to estimate the risk of disease progression associated with resistance to RTV/ZDV. Based on these estimates, determination will be made of the total number of patients and specimens in both treatment groups in order to address the primary objective of comparing genotypic resistance in the two groups.\]

Conditions

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HIV Infections

Keywords

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HIV-1 Drug Resistance Drug Therapy, Combination HIV Protease Inhibitors CD4 Lymphocyte Count Ritonavir Indinavir Disease Progression RNA, Viral Genotype Nelfinavir Anti-HIV Agents Viral Load

Study Design

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Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Interventions

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Indinavir sulfate

Intervention Type DRUG

Ritonavir

Intervention Type DRUG

Nelfinavir mesylate

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

Concurrent Medication:

* Background AR nucleoside therapy is required, although background AR therapy may also be no background therapy. However, the use of protease inhibitors is not recommended as monotherapy unless there is no other alternative. Therefore, patients who are not on AR treatment may be enrolled at the discretion of the clinician.

Allowed:

* Saquinavir.

Patients must have:

* Documented HIV infection.
* A CD4+ cell count \<= 100/mm3 within 3 months prior to the study. \[AS PER AMENDMENT 3/11/98: CD4+ cell count \<= 200/mm3 any time prior to entry\].
* Parental consent if patient is \< 18 years old.

Prior Medication:

Allowed:

* Saquinavir (SQV).

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with the following symptoms or conditions are excluded:

* Stage 2 or greater AIDS dementia complex.
* \[AS PER AMENDMENT 10/2/97: Any acute disease or condition that would, in the physician's judgement, contraindicate starting NFV or RTV.\]
* Known hypersensitivity to RTV or any of its ingredients (for patients assigned to RTV therapy).

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

* Concomitant use of protease inhibitors.
* Concomitant treatments that cannot be discontinued, and in the physician's judgement, should not be taken with NFV or RTV.

AS PER AMENDMENT 10/2/97:

* For patients randomized to NFV:
* Concomitant therapy with terfenadine, astemizole, cisapride, triazolam, midazolam, ergot derivatives, amiodarone, quinidine, or rifampin.

For patients randomized to IDV:

* Concomitant therapy with terfenadine, astemizole, cisapride, triazolam, midazolam, and rifampin.

Patients with any of the following prior symptoms are excluded:

AS PER AMENDMENT 10/2/97:

* History of clinically significant hypersensitivity reaction to any component of NFV tablets (for patients assigned to NFV therapy).

Prior Medication:

Excluded:

* Prior use of protease inhibitors except SQV.

\[AS PER AMENDMENT 10/2/97:

* Prior use of IDV for more than 4 weeks or other protease inhibitors (except SQV) for any prior duration.\]
Minimum Eligible Age

13 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

NIH

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Perez G

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

MacArthur R

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Locations

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Community Consortium / UCSF

San Francisco, California, United States

Site Status

Community Consortium of San Francisco

San Francisco, California, United States

Site Status

Denver Community Program for Clinical Research on AIDS

Denver, Colorado, United States

Site Status

Denver CPCRA / Denver Pub Hlth / Rocky Mt Cancer Ctr Aurora

Denver, Colorado, United States

Site Status

Denver CPCRA / Denver Public Hlth

Denver, Colorado, United States

Site Status

Infectious Disease Physicians / Northern Virginia

Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States

Site Status

Timothy A Price

Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States

Site Status

Veterans Administration Med Ctr / Regional AIDS Program

Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States

Site Status

Washington Reg AIDS Prog / Dept of Infect Dis

Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States

Site Status

AIDS Research Consortium of Atlanta

Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Site Status

AIDS Research Alliance - Chicago

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Site Status

Louisiana Comm AIDS Rsch Prog / Tulane Univ Med

New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

Site Status

Louisiana Community AIDS Research Program

New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

Site Status

Baltimore TRIALS

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Site Status

Westat / NICHD

Rockville, Maryland, United States

Site Status

Comprehensive AIDS Alliance of Detroit

Detroit, Michigan, United States

Site Status

Wayne State Univ / Univ Hlth Ctr

Detroit, Michigan, United States

Site Status

Henry Ford Hosp

Detroit, Michigan, United States

Site Status

Mercer Area Early Intervention Services

Camden, New Jersey, United States

Site Status

Southern New Jersey AIDS Clinical Trials

Camden, New Jersey, United States

Site Status

Southern New Jersey AIDS Cln Trials / Dept of Med

Camden, New Jersey, United States

Site Status

New Jersey Community Research Initiative

Newark, New Jersey, United States

Site Status

North Jersey Community Research Initiative

Newark, New Jersey, United States

Site Status

Partners in Research - New Mexico

Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States

Site Status

Partners Research

Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States

Site Status

Harlem AIDS Treatment Group / Harlem Hosp Ctr

New York, New York, United States

Site Status

Harlem AIDS Treatment Group

New York, New York, United States

Site Status

Portland Veterans Adm Med Ctr / Rsch & Education Grp

Portland, Oregon, United States

Site Status

The Research and Education Group

Portland, Oregon, United States

Site Status

Philadelphia FIGHT

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Saint Joseph's Hosp

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Richmond AIDS Consortium

Richmond, Virginia, United States

Site Status

Saint Paul's Hosp

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Site Status

QEII Health Science Centre

Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

Site Status

Saint Joseph's Hosp

London, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

Ottawa Gen Hosp

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

Sunnybrook Health Science Centre

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

Toronto Gen Hosp

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

Wellesley Hosp

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

Hotel - Dieu de Montreal

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Site Status

Montreal Chest Institute

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Site Status

SMBD-Jewish Gen Hosp

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Site Status

Centre De Recherche En Infectiologie

Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada

Site Status

Royal Univ Hosp

Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

Site Status

Countries

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United States Canada

References

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MacArthur RD, Perez G, Walmsley S, Baxter J, Neaton J, Wentworth D. CD4 cell count is a better predictor of disease progression than HIV RNA level in persons with advanced HIV infection on highly active antiretroviral therapy. 8th Conf Retro and Opportun Infect. 2001 Feb 4-8 (abstract no 203)

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Perez G, MacArthur RD, Walmsley S, Baxter JA, Mullin C, Neaton JD; Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS; Canadian Trials Network. A randomized clinical trial comparing nelfinavir and ritonavir in patients with advanced HIV disease (CPCRA 042/CTN 102). HIV Clin Trials. 2004 Jan-Feb;5(1):7-18. doi: 10.1310/N11F-NK93-MUMR-A1VV.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 15002082 (View on PubMed)

MacArthur RD, Perez G, Walmsley S, Baxter JD, Mullin CM, Neaton JD; Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA) 042/045; Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN) 102 Protocol Teams. Comparison of prognostic importance of latest CD4+ cell count and HIV RNA levels in patients with advanced HIV infection on highly active antiretroviral therapy. HIV Clin Trials. 2005 May-Jun;6(3):127-35. doi: 10.1310/A9B9-RQD7-U8KA-503U.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 16192247 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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11592

Identifier Type: REGISTRY

Identifier Source: secondary_id

CPCRA 042

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id