Methadone Effects on Zidovudine (ZDV, AZT) Disposition

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE1

Total Enrollment

15 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Completion Date

1998-10-31

Brief Summary

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To determine whether methadone maintenance alters the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine (AZT). To determine whether any such effect of methadone on disposition of AZT is time dependent and whether a metabolic interaction between AZT and methadone exists.

Injection drug users represent an increasing proportion of HIV-infected persons. Since daily methadone maintenance is the major chemical treatment for injection drug abuse, it is important to determine the impact of methadone on AZT absorption, distribution, and elimination.

Detailed Description

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Injection drug users represent an increasing proportion of HIV-infected persons. Since daily methadone maintenance is the major chemical treatment for injection drug abuse, it is important to determine the impact of methadone on AZT absorption, distribution, and elimination.

After 6 days of inpatient detoxification with clonidine, patients addicted to opiates are randomized to receive either oral or intravenous AZT for the first dose, followed by determination of plasma and urine pharmacokinetics. On the second day of AZT dosing, the alternate form of administration will be used for the first dose. On both days, all other doses are given orally. Patients then begin methadone maintenance in combination with AZT for 7 days of inpatient treatment, with further pharmacokinetic sampling. After hospitalization for 16 days total, patients continue AZT/methadone treatment on an outpatient basis, and then 2 months later are readmitted as inpatients for 5 days for further pharmacokinetic sampling. Control patients who are not addicted to opiates are hospitalized for 3 days at study entry and are randomized for AZT treatment and pharmacokinetic sampling in the same manner as the first group, although they will not receive methadone treatment. Control patients are readmitted for 2 days after 1 week of AZT treatment and then again after 59 days of AZT treatment.

Conditions

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HIV Infections

Keywords

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Methadone Drug Interactions Drug Therapy, Combination Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AIDS-Related Complex Zidovudine

Study Design

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Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Interventions

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Methadone hydrochloride

Intervention Type DRUG

Zidovudine

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

Patients must have:

* Documented HIV infection.
* CD4 count 100 - 500 cells/mm3.
* No active opportunistic infection or wasting syndrome.
* Opiate addiction or prior enrollment in a methadone treatment program (methadone recipients only).
* Admission to General Clinical Research Center at Yale-New Haven Hospital for clonidine detoxification (methadone recipients only).

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with the following symptoms or conditions are excluded:

* Inadequate IV access.
* Benzodiazepine abuse.

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

* Amiodarone.
* Anesthetics, general.
* Azithromycin.
* Barbiturates.
* Carbamazepine.
* Cimetidine.
* Ciprofloxacin.
* Clarithromycin.
* Dexamethasone.
* Disulfiram.
* Erythromycin.
* Fluoroquinolones.
* Fluoxetine.
* Gestodene.
* Hydrochlorothiazide.
* Hypoglycemics, oral.
* Isoniazid.
* Itraconazole.
* Ketoconazole.
* Levomepromazine.
* MAO inhibitors.
* Methoxsalen.
* Nafcillin.
* Narcotic analgesics.
* Naringenin.
* Norethindrone.
* Omeprazole.
* Pentazocine.
* Phenothiazines.
* Phenytoin.
* Quinidine.
* Ranitidine.
* Rifabutin.
* Rifampin.
* Sedative Hypnotics.
* Sulfaphenazole.
* Tranquilizers (except at discretion of investigator and protocol chair).
* Tricyclic antidepressants.
* Troleandomycin.
* Warfarin.

Prior Medication:

Excluded within 4 weeks prior to study entry:

* Rifampin or its derivatives.
* Phenytoin.
* Barbiturates.
* Cimetidine.
* Other drugs known to induce or inhibit hepatic microsomal enzymes.

Excluded within 14 days prior to study entry:

* Any other experimental drug.
* Drugs with known nephrotoxic potential.

Excluded within 72 hours prior to study entry:

* Amiodarone.
* Anesthetics, general.
* Azithromycin.
* Carbamazepine.
* Ciprofloxacin.
* Clarithromycin.
* Dexamethasone.
* Disulfiram.
* Erythromycin.
* Fluoroquinolones.
* Fluoxetine.
* Gestodene.
* Hydrochlorothiazide.
* Hypoglycemics, oral.
* Isoniazid.
* Itraconazole.
* Ketoconazole.
* Levomepromazine.
* MAO inhibitors.
* Methoxsalen.
* Nafcillin.
* Narcotic analgesics.
* Naringenin.
* Norethindrone.
* Omeprazole.
* Pentazocine.
* Phenothiazines.
* Quinidine.
* Ranitidine.
* Rifabutin.
* Sedative Hypnotics.
* Sulfaphenazole.
* Tranquilizers (except at discretion of investigator and protocol chair).
* Tricyclic antidepressants.
* Troleandomycin.
* Warfarin.

Continued active drug or alcohol abuse or dependence that would decrease the probability of study completion.

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Jatlow P

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Rainey P

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Locations

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Yale Univ / New Haven

New Haven, Connecticut, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Jatlow P, Mccance EF, Rainey PM, Trapnell CB, Friedland G. Methadone increases zidovudine exposure in HIV-infected injection drug users (ACTG 262). Conf Retroviruses Opportunistic Infect. 1996 Jan 28-Feb 1;3rd:129

Reference Type BACKGROUND

McCance-Katz EF, Rainey PM, Jatlow P, Friedland G. Methadone effects on zidovudine disposition (AIDS Clinical Trials Group 262). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Aug 15;18(5):435-43. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199808150-00004.