A Multi-Center Clinical Trial To Evaluate Azidothymidine (AZT) in the Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection in Patients With AIDS Post First Episode PCP

NCT ID: NCT00000700

Last Updated: 2021-11-04

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE3

Total Enrollment

482 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Completion Date

1990-05-31

Brief Summary

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To examine the dose of zidovudine (AZT) that was used in the first placebo-controlled study of AZT in AIDS patients as well as a lower dose of AZT in order to determine if the lower dose results in less harmful side effects while still being effective. Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of AZT in AIDS therapy. AZT has been effective in test tube studies at varying doses. There is a need to see if lower doses result in effective therapy with less harmful side effects.

Detailed Description

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Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of AZT in AIDS therapy. AZT has been effective in test tube studies at varying doses. There is a need to see if lower doses result in effective therapy with less harmful side effects.

Patients are assigned at random to one of two treatment programs: (1) 1 dose of AZT given orally (PO) for 6 doses per day; (2) 2 doses of AZT PO for 4 weeks followed by 1 dose PO for the remainder of the trial.

Conditions

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HIV Infections

Keywords

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United States AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Zidovudine

Study Design

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Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Interventions

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Zidovudine

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

Concurrent Medication:

Allowed:

* All concomitant medication to minimum and record.
* Any approved medications can be used to treat an opportunistic infection.
* Dapsone may be used for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP).
* Pyrimethamine - sulfadoxine may be used for toxoplasmosis.
* Ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus may be used for maintenance only.
* Prophylactic therapy for PCP.

Concurrent Treatment:

Allowed:

* Local, limited radiation therapy to isolated Kaposi's sarcoma lesions provided total area is \< 5 x 5 cm and a 6-MeV electron beam or 90 kV x-ray = or \< 3000 rads total is used.

Patients must have:

* HIV seropositivity as confirmed by any federally licensed ELISA test kit.
* Allowed:
* Malignancy in past which has been in complete remission for 1 year without therapy.

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with active opportunistic infections will be excluded.

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

* Aspirin on a regular basis or beyond 72 hours without contacting investigator.
* Cimetidine.
* Flurazepam.
* Indomethacin.
* Ranitidine.
* Probenecid.

Patients with the following are excluded:

* Status post-Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with symptomatic visceral Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) or progression of KS within the month prior to study entry.
* Other concurrent neoplasms other than basal cell carcinoma of the skin.
* Requiring blood transfusions \> once per month. Last transfusion cannot have been given within 7 days of entry.
* Active substance abuse. Unwilling to sign informed consent or to be followed at medical center where enrolled for duration of study and follow-up if necessary.

Prior Medication:

Excluded within 2 weeks of study entry:

* Treatment for acute Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP).
* Excluded within 30 days of study entry:
* Other antiretroviral agents, immunomodulating agents, or corticosteroids.

Prior Treatment:

Excluded within 30 days of study entry:

* Radiation therapy or cytotoxic chemotherapy for Kaposi's sarcoma.

Required:

* Patients must be at least 2 weeks post- therapy status for acute Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP).
Minimum Eligible Age

12 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

NIH

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Fischl M

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Locations

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Los Angeles County - USC Med Ctr

Los Angeles, California, United States

Site Status

UCLA CARE Ctr

Los Angeles, California, United States

Site Status

Univ of California / San Diego Treatment Ctr

San Diego, California, United States

Site Status

San Francisco AIDS Clinic / San Francisco Gen Hosp

San Francisco, California, United States

Site Status

Stanford at Kaiser / Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr

San Francisco, California, United States

Site Status

Stanford Univ School of Medicine

Stanford, California, United States

Site Status

Univ of Miami School of Medicine

Miami, Florida, United States

Site Status

Charity Hosp / Tulane Univ Med School

New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

Site Status

Louisiana State Univ Med Ctr / Tulane Med School

New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

Site Status

Tulane Univ School of Medicine

New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

Site Status

Johns Hopkins Hosp

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Site Status

Harvard (Massachusetts Gen Hosp)

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status

Beth Israel Deaconess - West Campus

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status

Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status

Univ of Minnesota

Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Site Status

City Hosp Ctr at Elmhurst / Mount Sinai Hosp

Elmhurst, New York, United States

Site Status

Beth Israel Med Ctr / Peter Krueger Clinic

New York, New York, United States

Site Status

Mem Sloan - Kettering Cancer Ctr

New York, New York, United States

Site Status

Mount Sinai Med Ctr

New York, New York, United States

Site Status

Univ of Rochester Medical Center

Rochester, New York, United States

Site Status

SUNY / State Univ of New York

Syracuse, New York, United States

Site Status

Bronx Municipal Hosp Ctr/Jacobi Med Ctr

The Bronx, New York, United States

Site Status

Jack Weiler Hosp / Bronx Municipal Hosp

The Bronx, New York, United States

Site Status

Montefiore Med Ctr / Bronx Municipal Hosp

The Bronx, New York, United States

Site Status

Bronx Veterans Administration / Mount Sinai Hosp

The Bronx, New York, United States

Site Status

Duke Univ Med Ctr

Durham, North Carolina, United States

Site Status

Univ of Pittsburgh Med School

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Univ of Washington

Seattle, Washington, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Fischl M, Parker CB, Pettinelli C, Wulfsohn M, Rasheed S. The efficacy and safety of a lower dose of zidovudine in the treatment of patients with AIDS-associated PCP. Int Conf AIDS. 1990 Jun 20-23;6(1):138 (abstract no ThB20)

Reference Type BACKGROUND

De Gruttola V, Wulfsohn M, Fischl MA, Tsiatis A. Modeling the relationship between survival and CD4 lymphocytes in patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988). 1993 Apr;6(4):359-65.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8095980 (View on PubMed)

McMahon DK, Winkelstein A, Armstrong JA, Pazin GJ, Hawk H, Ho M. Zidovudine therapy is associated with an increased capacity of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated cells to express interleukin-2 receptors. Pittsburgh AIDS Clinical Trial Unit. AIDS. 1991 May;5(5):491-6. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199105000-00003.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 1863401 (View on PubMed)

Richman DD, Grimes JM, Lagakos SW. Effect of stage of disease and drug dose on zidovudine susceptibilities of isolates of human immunodeficiency virus. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988). 1990;3(8):743-6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 2114476 (View on PubMed)

Wulfsohn M, Fischl M, Tsiatis A. Predictors of survival among patients with AIDS receiving zidovudine. Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):C314 (abstract no PoC 4419)

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Rinaldo C, Huang XL, Piazza P, Armstrong J, Rappocciolo G, Pazin G, McMahon D, Gupta P, Fan Z, Zhang Z, et al. Augmentation of cellular immune function during the early phase of zidovudine treatment of AIDS patients. J Infect Dis. 1991 Oct;164(4):638-45. doi: 10.1093/infdis/164.4.638.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 1680135 (View on PubMed)

Fischl MA, Parker CB, Pettinelli C, Wulfsohn M, Hirsch MS, Collier AC, Antoniskis D, Ho M, Richman DD, Fuchs E, et al. A randomized controlled trial of a reduced daily dose of zidovudine in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The AIDS Clinical Trials Group. N Engl J Med. 1990 Oct 11;323(15):1009-14. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199010113231501.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 1977079 (View on PubMed)

Unadkat JD, Collier AC, Crosby SS, Cummings D, Opheim KE, Corey L. Pharmacokinetics of oral zidovudine (azidothymidine) in patients with AIDS when administered with and without a high-fat meal. AIDS. 1990 Mar;4(3):229-32. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199003000-00008.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 2350441 (View on PubMed)

Coombs RW, Collier AC, Allain JP, Nikora B, Leuther M, Gjerset GF, Corey L. Plasma viremia in human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med. 1989 Dec 14;321(24):1626-31. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198912143212402.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 2511447 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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10978

Identifier Type: REGISTRY

Identifier Source: secondary_id

ACTG 002

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id